The Yale Endowment Model The Yale endowment model incorporates the mean-variance approach as described in Modern Portfolio Theory (MPT) designed by Harry Markowitz and James Tobin ( Yale Investment Office, 2017). Markowitz (1952) based his theory on the idea of minimizing investment risks within the investment portfolio by enhancing diversification strategies designed to optimize an investment portfolio given any level of risk. The Yale Endowment Model, using this method, has changed its mix of investments from nine-tenths in stocks, bonds, and cash to just one-tenth in recent years. Currently, the Yale Endowment model uses an alternative investment mix for the bulk of their investments to include private equity, real estate, leveraged buyouts, venture capital, absolute returns, foreign equity, domestic equity, fixed income, and cash and it’s equivalent. Endowment models in general usually have a long-term investment horizon, but t...
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